Korean grammar · TOPIK 2

Plans and intentions (-(으)려고 하다): Korean Grammar with Examples

Everything you need to use plans and intentions (-(으)려고 하다) correctly: the patterns, when to use them, examples with audio, common mistakes and exercises with answers.

Quick answer

-(으)려고 하다 expresses an intention or a plan to do something - 'to intend to', 'to be going to'. Unlike -고 싶다, which is a wish, this is a decision already made. Key patterns: Intending to do... / planning to do...; Stem ending in a consonant + 으려고 해요; Intended to..., but it did not happen.

Patterns

FormStructureExample
Vowel or ㄹ stem + 려고 하다Intending to do... / planning to do...내년에 한국에 가려고 해요.
I plan to go to Korea next year.
Consonant stem + 으려고 하다Stem ending in a consonant + 으려고 해요새 옷을 사려고 해요.
I am going to buy some new clothes.
사다: the stem 사 ends in a vowel, so 려고 - 사려고 해요.
An intention that came to nothingV + (으)려고 했는데
Intended to..., but it did not happen
공원에 가려고 했는데 비가 왔어요.
I meant to go to the park, but it rained.

How to use Plans and intentions (-(으)려고 하다)

1. Future plans

An intention already decided on

다음 달에 이사하려고 해요.
I plan to move house next month.

2. Asking about plans

뭐 하려고 해요? means 'What are you planning to do?'

주말에 뭐 하려고 해요?
What are you planning to do at the weekend?

Key words

-(으)려고 해요 (intend to)-(으)려고 했는데 (intended to, but...)-(으)려고요 (planning to - casual)계획이에요 (that is the plan)

Tips and common mistakes

Plans and intentions (-(으)려고 하다): exercises with answers

Pick the right option, then open the answer to check it.

1. Fill in the intention ending: 먹다 (to eat): 저녁에 삼겹살을 먹___ 해요.

Options: 고 싶 · 려고 · 으러 · 으려고

Show answer

으려고. 먹다: the stem ends in the consonant ㄱ, so 으려고 하다, giving 먹으려고 해요, 'I intend to eat'.

2. Fill in the intention ending: 배우다 (to learn): 한국어를 배우___ 해요.

Options: 고 싶 · 러 · 려고 · 으려고

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려고. 배우다: the stem ends in the vowel ㅜ, so 려고 하다, giving 배우려고 해요, 'I intend to learn'.

3. Choose the correct sentence: 'I plan to move house next month.'

Options: 다음 달에 이사으려고 해요. · 다음 달에 이사하고 싶어요. · 다음 달에 이사하러 해요. · 다음 달에 이사하려고 해요.

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다음 달에 이사하려고 해요.. 이사하다 has a vowel stem, so it takes 려고: 이사하려고 해요. This is an intention, so -(으)려고 하다 is right; -(으)러 cannot be followed by 하다.

4. Choose the correct sentence: 'I meant to go, but it rained.'

Options: 가러 했는데 비가 왔어요. · 가려고 했는데 비가 왔어요. · 가려고 했은데 비가 왔어요. · 가으려고 했는데 비가 왔어요.

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가려고 했는데 비가 왔어요.. -(으)려고 했는데 means 'I intended to..., but...': 가려고 했는데 비가 왔어요 is 'I meant to go, but it rained.'

5. Tell them apart: which sentence best expresses an intention already decided on?

Options: 이번 주말에 청소으려고 해요. · 이번 주말에 청소하러 해요. · 이번 주말에 청소하려고 하요. · 이번 주말에 청소하려고 해요.

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이번 주말에 청소하려고 해요.. -(으)려고 하다 expresses a definite, planned intention. 청소하다 has a vowel stem, so 려고 (no added 으); -(으)러 cannot be followed by 하다; and 하다 becomes 해요 in polite speech.

6. Fill in the intention ending: 읽다 (to read): 오늘 밤에 이 소설을 읽___ 해요.

Options: 려고 · 어려고 · 으러 · 으려고

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으려고. 읽다: the stem ends in a consonant, so 으려고 하다: 읽으려고 해요. -(으)러 cannot be followed by 하다. The sentence means "I am planning to read this novel tonight."

7. Put 만들다 (stem ending in ㄹ) + (으)려고 하다: 생일 케이크를 ___ 해요.

Options: 만드려고 · 만들러 · 만들려고 · 만들으려고

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만들려고. 만들다: a stem ending in ㄹ takes just 려고 and keeps its ㄹ: 만들려고. The sentence means "I am planning to make a birthday cake."

8. Planned to, but could not: 어제 운동하___ 했는데 비가 왔어요.

Options: 러 · 려고 · 여려고 · 으려고

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려고. 운동하다: the stem ends in a vowel, so 려고. -(으)려고 했는데 means "I was going to..., but". The sentence means "I was going to exercise yesterday, but it rained."

9. Put 듣다 (ㄷ-irregular) + (으)려고 하다: 자기 전에 음악을 ___ 해요.

Options: 듣려고 · 듣으려고 · 들려고 · 들으려고

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들으려고. 듣다: ㄷ becomes ㄹ before a vowel, giving 들으려고. 들려고 belongs to 들다 (to hold). The sentence means "I am planning to listen to music before going to sleep."

10. Purpose with -(으)려고 (the main verb is not a motion verb): 한국 회사에 취직하___ 한국어를 공부해요.

Options: 러 · 려고 · 어려고 · 으려고

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려고. -(으)러 only goes with motion verbs; 공부하다 is not one, so use -려고. The sentence means "I study Korean in order to get a job at a Korean company."

11. Ask about plans: 방학에 뭐 하___ 해요?

Options: 고 · 러 · 려고 · 으려고

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려고. 하다: the stem ends in a vowel, so 려고 하다. 뭐 하려고 해요? asks "What are you planning to do?" The sentence means "What are you planning to do over the vacation?"

12. Choose the correct sentence: 'I am planning to meet a friend this weekend.'

Options: 주말에 친구를 만나러 해요. · 주말에 친구를 만나려고 해요. · 주말에 친구를 만나으려고 해요. · 주말에 친구를 만났으려고 해요.

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주말에 친구를 만나려고 해요.. 만나다: the stem ends in a vowel, so 려고 해요. No past tense goes before 려고. The sentence means "I am planning to meet a friend on the weekend."

13. Choose the correct sentence: 'I was going to sleep early, but I could not fall asleep.'

Options: 일찍 자러 했는데 잠이 안 왔어요. · 일찍 자려고 했는데 잠이 안 왔어요. · 일찍 자으려고 했는데 잠이 안 왔어요. · 일찍 잤으려고 했는데 잠이 안 왔어요.

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일찍 자려고 했는데 잠이 안 왔어요.. 자다 gives 자려고 했는데, "was going to sleep, but...". 잠이 안 오다 means "cannot fall asleep". The sentence means "I meant to go to bed early, but I could not fall asleep."

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